MASUKNYA ISLAM KE PULAU LOMBOK

Dalam Babad Lombok disebutkan, pada abad ke IX-Xl  disebut bahwa kerajaan kerajaan Lombok yang  terakhir adalah Kerajaan Selaparang, dimana kerajaan selaparang mempunya 2 dekade / periode masa pemerintahan. Yang pertama adalah Selaparang periode Hindu/Pra Islam yang memerintah dari abad XIII dan berakhir dengan kedatangan ekspedisi Kerajaan Majapahit pada tahun 1357. Yang Kedua adalah Selaparang Periode Islam yang muncul pada sekitar abad XVI dan berakhir 1740 setelah ditaklukkan oleh pasukan gabungan Kerajaan Karang Asem, Bali dan Banjar Getas.

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Sejarah dan Asal usul Lombok

1. Pendahuluan

Lombok (penduduk pada tahun 1990: 2.403.025) adalah sebuah pulau di kepulauan Sunda Kecil atau Nusa Tenggara yang terpisahkan oleh Selat Lombok dari Bali di sebelah barat dan Selat Alas di sebelah timur dari Sumbawa. Pulau ini kurang lebih bulat bentuknya dengan semacam “ekor” di sisi barat daya yang panjangnya kurang lebih 70 km. Pulau ini luasnya adalah 4.725 km² (sedikit lebih kecil daripada Bali). Kota utama di pulau ini adalah Kota Mataram.

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The Wise Little Girl

The Wise Little Girl

Once upon a time in the immense Russian steppe, lay a little village where nearly all the inhabitants bred horses. It was the month of October, when a big livestock market was held yearly in the main town. Two brothers, one rich and the other one poor, set off for market. The rich man rode a stallion, and the poor brother a young mare.

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Snow White dan the Seven Dwarfs

Snow White dan the Seven Dwarfs.

Once upon a time in a great castle, a Prince's daughter grew up happy and contented, in spite of a jealous stepmother. She was very pretty, with blue eyes and long black hair. Her skin was delicate and fair, and so she was called Snow White. Everyone was quite sure she would become very beautiful. Though her stepmother was a wicked woman, she too was very beautiful, and the magic mirror told her this every day, whenever she asked it.

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Sleeping Beauty

Sleeping Beauty.

A long time ago there were a king and queen who said every day, "Ah, if only we had a child," but they never had one. But it happened that once when the queen was bathing, a frog crept out of the water on to the land, and said to her, "Your wish shall be fulfilled, before a year has gone by, you shall have a daughter."

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Little Red Riding Hood

Little Red Riding Hood.

Once upon a time in the middle of a thick forest stood a small cottage, the home of a pretty little girl known to everyone as Little Red Riding Hood. One day, her Mummy waved her goodbye at the garden gate, saying: "Grandma is ill. Take her this basket of cakes, but be very careful. Keep to the path through the wood and don't ever stop. That way, you will come to no harm."

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Beauty and Beast

When the merchant had finished his business, he set off for home. However, a sudden storm blew up, and his horse could hardly make headway in the howling gale. Cold and weary, the merchant had lost all hope of reaching an inn when he suddenly noticed a bright light shining in the middle of a wood. As he drew near, he saw that it was a castle, bathed in light.  

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Cinderella,

Cinderella,

Once upon a time... there lived an unhappy young girl. Unhappy she was, for her mother was dead, her father had married another woman, a widow with two daughters, and her stepmother didn't like her one little bit. All the nice things, kind thoughts and loving touches were for her own daughters. And not just the kind thoughts and love, but also dresses, shoes, shawls, delicious food, comfy beds, as well as every home comfort.  All this was laid on for her daughters. But, for the poor unhappy girl, there was nothing at all. No dresses, only her stepsisters'

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Arjuna Mencari Cinta

Once there was a king of evil from the kingdom of Iman Imantaka whose name is Niwata Kawaca. He was a powerful and cruel king who had conquered many kingdoms. The invincible king then had another ambition. He wanted to marry a beautiful angel from the heaven of god whose name is Dewi Supraba. He came to god Indra to propose for the beautiful angel. But the god refused. He thought that the king was not a good husband for the angel. The king was so angry that he decided to attack Kingdom of god Indra. The army of Niwata Kawaca proved to be very strong. The army of god was easily defeated. Luckily the god managed to close the gate. Then the god's palace was besieged by the army of Niwata Kawaca.

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The Poor Man and The Rich Man

The Poor Man and The Rich Man

In olden times, when the Lord himself still used to walk about on this earth amongst men, it once happened that he was tired and overtaken by the darkness before he could reach an inn.  Now there stood on the road before him two houses facing each other, the one large and beautiful, the other small and poor.  The large one belonged to a rich man, and the small one to a poor man.

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The Thief dan His Master

The Thief dan His Master

Hans wished to put his son to learn a trade, so he went into the church and prayed to our Lord God to know which would be the most suitable for him.  Then the clerk got behind the altar, and said, thieving, thieving.  On this Hans goes back to his son, and tells him he is to learn thieving, and that the Lord God had said so.  So he goes with his son to seek a man who is acquainted with thieving.

They walk a long time and come into a great forest, where stands a little house with an old woman in it.  Hans says, do you know of a man who is acquainted with thieving.  You can learn that here quite well, says the woman, my son is a master of it.  So he speaks with the son, and asks if he knows thieving really well.  The master-thief says, I will teach him well.  Come back when a year is over, and then if you recognize your son, I will take no payment at all for teaching him, but if you don't know him, you must give me two hundred talers.

The father goes home again, and the son learns witchcraft and thieving, thoroughly.  When the year is out, the father is full of anxiety to know how he shall recognize his son.  As he is thus going about in his trouble, he meets a little dwarf, who says, man, what ails you, that you are always in such trouble.

Oh, says Hans, a year ago I placed my son with a master-thief who told me I was to come back when the year was out, and that if I then did not know my son when I saw him, I was to pay two hundred talers, but if I did know him I was to pay nothing, and now I am afraid of not knowing him and can't tell where I am to get the money.  Then the dwarf tells him to take a crust of bread with him, and to stand beneath the chimney.  There on the cross-beam is a basket, out of which a little bird is peeping, and that is your son.

Hans goes thither, and throws a crust of black bread in front of the basket with the bird in it, and the little bird comes out, and looks up.  Hello, my son, are you here, says the father, and the son is delighted to see his father, but the master-thief says, the devil must have prompted you, or how could you have known your son.

Father, let us go, said the youth. Then the father and son set out homeward.  On the way a carriage comes driving by.  Hereupon the son says to his father, I will change myself into a large greyhound, and then you can earn a great deal of money by me.  Then the gentleman calls from the carriage, my man, will you sell your dog.  Yes, says the father. How much do you want for it.  Thirty talers.  Well, man, that is a great deal, but as it is such a very fine dog I will have it. The gentleman takes it into his carriage, but when they have driven a little farther the dog springs out of the carriage through the window, and goes back to his father, and is no longer a greyhound.

They go home together.  Next day there is a fair in the neighboring town, so the youth says to his father, I will now change myself into a beautiful horse, and you can sell me, but when you have sold me, you must take off my bridle, or I cannot become a man again.  Then the father goes with the horse to the fair, and the master-thief comes and buys the horse for a hundred talers, but the father forgets, and does not take off the bridle.  So the man goes home with the horse, and puts it in the stable.

When the maid crosses the threshold, the horse says, take off my bridle, take off my bridle. Then the maid stands still, and says, what, can you speak.  So she goes and takes the bridle off, and the horse becomes a sparrow, and flies out at the door, and the master-thief becomes a sparrow also, and flies after him.

Then they come together and cast lots again, and the master loses. So the master changes himself into a cock, and the youth becomes a fox, and bites the master's head off, and he died and has remained dead to this day.

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The Girl without Hands

The Girl without Hands

A certain miller had little by little fallen into poverty, and had nothing left but his mill and a large apple-tree behind it.  Once when he had gone into the forest to fetch wood, an old man stepped up to him whom he had never seen before, and said, why do you plague yourself with cutting wood, I will make you rich, if you will promise me what is standing behind your mill.  What can that be but my apple-tree, thought the miller, and said, yes, and gave a written promise to the stranger.  He, however, laughed mockingly and said, when three years have passed, I will come and carry away what belongs to me, and then he went.

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The Legend of Situ Bagendit

The Legend of Situ Bagendit
Cerita bahasa inggris - Dongeng dari Garut, Jawa Barat - Beberapa hari lalu, seorang ibu guru minta "diterbitkan" cerita Situ Bagendit dalam bahasa Inggris. Saya sendiri kurang mengetahui Situ Bagendit, tapi setelah "bersemedi" di dunia maya, akhirnya saya tahu apa dan di mana Situ Bagendit. Langsung saja ini cerita legenda berbahasa Inggris tentang Situ Bagendit, selamat membaca :

Far away in an isolated village there was a young rich woman. The house that she had been living in was very big. Her wealth was plentiful. The young woman lived by herself. She didn’t have any friend at all.

“Wouw, I am very rich! Ha…ha…ha, I am the richest woman in this village!” said the young woman while she was looking at her gold and jewelries. It was so pity, that the young woman was very miserly. Her plentiful wealth never been used to help others.

“All of the wealth is mine, isn’t it? So what am I give it all to other for?” The young woman thought. However, many of villagers were poor. They lived in less condition. Sometimes some villagers were hunger, and didn’t get any food for days.

Because of the young woman miserly, the villagers called her Bagenda Endit. Bagenda Endit meant the miserly rich person. “Bagenda Endit, have mercy on me! My child has not eaten for few days”, said an old woman sadly.

“Hi, you crazy old woman! Get away from me!” yelled Bagenda Endit threw the old woman away. Because the old woman didn’t want to go, Bagenda Endit splashed her with water. Splash!, and all over the old woman body and her baby became wet.

Bagenda Endit was a feeling less woman. She didn’t even have a little bit mercy to the old woman and her baby. She even got more angry. After that, she asked the old woman to get out of her house yard. And then, she was dragging her out of the yard.

Although Bagenda Endit was very miserly, the village people kept coming in. The came for the water wheel. “No, I won’t let you to take away the water from my wheel! The water in the wheel is mine!” Bagenda Endit yelled angrily.

“Ha…ha…ha…you’re all stupid! You think you just can take the water from my wheel!” Bagenda Endit said while she was watching the thirst villagers outside the fence. Suddenly, a decrepit man was standing in Bagenda Endit house yard. He was walking tottery to the wheel while holding his stick.

When the old man was trying to take the water, Bagenda Endit saw it. Then, she hit the old man with a founder. “Have mercy on me Bagenda Endit! I want to take the water just for a drink”, said the old man when he was trying to get up.

Bagenda Endit kept beating the old man. And then, an astonishing thing happened. Suddenly the old man got up with a healthy body. He walked closer to Bagenda Endit. He pointed his stick at the cruel rich woman’s nose.

“Hi, Bagenda Endit, take the punishment from me!” said the old man loudly. Then he pointed at the wheel with his stick. Wus…byuur, the wheel was sprinkling the water swiftly. Not long enough, the water was flooding up. Bagenda Endit couldn’t save herself. She drawn with all of her wealth.

The village was disappeared. The thing that left was a wide and deep lake. The lake was named Situ Bagendit. Situ means a wide lake. It was named Situ Bagendit, because the wide lake came from a wheel that belongs to Bagenda Endit.

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Our lady's Child

Hard by a great forest dwelt a wood-cutter with his wife, who had an only child, a little girl three years old.  They were so poor, however, that they no longer had daily bread, and did not know how to get food for her.  One morning the wood-cutter went out sorrowfully to his work in the forest, and while he was cutting wood, suddenly there stood before him a tall and beautiful woman with a crown of shining stars on her head, who said to him 'I am the virgin mary, mother of the child jesus. You are poor and needy, bring your child to me, I will take her with me and be her mother, and care for her.'

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The White Snake

A long time ago there lived a king who was famed for his wisdom through all the land.  Nothing was hidden from him, and it seemed as if news of the most secret things was brought to him through the air.  But he had a strange custom, every day after dinner, when the table was cleared, and no one else was present, a trusty servant had to bring him one more dish.  It was covered, however, and even the servant did not know what was in it, neither did anyone know, for the king never took off the cover to eat of it until he was quite alone.

This had gone on for a long time, when one day the servant, who took away the dish, was overcome with such curiosity that he could not help carrying the dish into his room.  When he had carefully locked the door, he lifted up the cover, and saw a white snake lying on the dish.  But when he saw it he could not deny himself the pleasure of tasting it, so he cut off a little bit and put it into his mouth.  No sooner had it touched his tongue than he heard a strange whispering of little voices outside his window.  He went and listened, and then noticed that it was the sparrows who were chattering together, and telling one another of all kinds of things which they had seen in the fields and woods.  Eating the snake had given him power of understanding the language of animals.

Now it so happened that on this very day the queen lost her most beautiful ring, and suspicion of having stolen it fell upon this trusty servant, who was allowed to go everywhere.  The king ordered the man to be brought before him, and threatened with angry words that unless he could before the morrow point out the thief, he himself should be looked upon as guilty and executed. In vain he declared his innocence, he was dismissed with no better answer.

In his trouble and fear he went down into the courtyard and took thought how to help himself out of his trouble.  Now some ducks were sitting together quietly by a brook and taking their rest, and, whilst they were making their feathers smooth with their bills, they were having a confidential conversation together.  The servant stood by and listened.  They were telling one another of all the places where they had been waddling about all the morning, and what good food they had found, and one said in a pitiful tone, something lies heavy on my stomach, as I was eating in haste I swallowed a ring which lay under the queen's window.  The servant at once seized her by the neck, carried her to the kitchen, and said to the cook, here is a fine duck, pray, kill her.  Yes, said the cook, and weighed her in his hand, she has spared no trouble to fatten herself, and has been waiting to be roasted long enough.  So he cut off her head, and as she was being dressed for the spit, the queen's ring was found inside her.

The servant could now easily prove his innocence, and the king, to make amends for the wrong, allowed him to ask a favor, and promised him the best place in the court that he could wish for. The servant refused everything, and only asked for a horse and some money for traveling, as he had a mind to see the world and go about a little.  When his request was granted he set out on his way, and one day came to a pond, where he saw three fishes caught in the reeds and gasping for water.
Now, though it is said that fishes are dumb, he heard them lamenting that they must perish so miserably, and, as he had a kind heart, he got off his horse and put the three prisoners back into the water.  They leapt with delight, put out their heads, and cried to him, we will remember you and repay you for saving us. He rode on, and after a while it seemed to him that he heard a voice in the sand at his feet.  He listened, and heard an ant-king complain, why cannot folks, with their clumsy beasts, keep off our bodies.  That stupid horse, with his heavy hoofs, has been treading down my people without mercy.  So he turned on to a side path and the ant-king cried out to him, we will remember you – one good turn deserves another.

The path led him into a wood, and here he saw two old ravens standing by their nest, and throwing out their young ones. Out with you, you idle, good-for-nothing creatures, cried they, we cannot find food for you any longer, you are big enough, and can provide for yourselves.  But the poor young ravens lay upon the ground, flapping their wings, and crying, oh, what helpless chicks we are.  We must shift for ourselves, and yet we cannot fly.  What can we do, but lie here and starve.  So the good young fellow alighted and killed his horse with his sword, and gave it to them for food.  Then they came hopping up to it, satisfied their hunger, and cried, we will remember you - one good turn deserves another.

And now he had to use his own legs, and when he had walked a long way, he came to a large city.  There was a great noise and crowd in the streets, and a man rode up on horseback, crying aloud, the king's daughter wants a husband, but whoever seeks her hand must perform a hard task, and if he does not succeed he will forfeit his life.  Many had already made the attempt, but
in vain, nevertheless when the youth saw the king's daughter he was so overcome by her great beauty that he forgot all danger, went before the king, and declared himself a suitor.

So he was led out to the sea, and a gold ring was thrown into it, before his eyes, then the king ordered him to fetch this ring up from the bottom of the sea, and added, if you come up again without it you will be thrown in again and again until you perish amid the waves.  All the people grieved for the handsome youth, then they went away, leaving him alone by the sea.

He stood on the shore and considered what he should do, when suddenly he saw three fishes come swimming towards him, and they were the very fishes whose lives he had saved.  The one in the middle held a mussel in its mouth, which it laid on the shore at the youth's feet, and when he had taken it up and opened it, there lay the gold ring in the shell.  Full of joy he took it to the king, and expected that he would grant him the promised reward.

But when the proud princess perceived that he was not her equal in birth, she scorned him, and required him first to perform another task.  She went down into the garden and strewed with her own hands ten sacks-full of millet-seed on the grass, then she said, tomorrow morning before sunrise these must be picked up, and not a single grain be wanting.

The youth sat down in the garden and considered how it might be possible to perform this task, but he could think of nothing, and there he sat sorrowfully awaiting the break of day, when he should be led to death.  But as soon as the first rays of the sun shone into the garden he saw all the ten sacks standing side by side, quite full, and not a single grain was missing.  The ant-king had come in the night with thousands and thousands of ants, and the grateful creatures had by great industry picked up all the millet-seed and gathered them into the sacks.

Presently the king's daughter herself came down into the garden, and was amazed to see that the young man had done the task she had given him.  But she could not yet conquer her proud heart, and said, although he has performed both the tasks, he shall not be my husband until he has brought me an apple from the tree of life.  The youth did not know where the tree of life stood, but he set out, and would have gone on for ever, as long as his legs would carry him, though he had no hope of finding it.  After he had wandered through three kingdoms, he came one evening to a wood, and lay down under a tree to sleep.  But he heard a rustling in the branches, and a golden apple fell into his hand.

At the same time three ravens flew down to him, perched themselves upon his knee, and said, we are the three young ravens whom you saved from starving, when we had grown big, and heard that you were seeking the golden apple, we flew over the sea to the end of the world, where the tree of life stands, and have brought you the apple.  The youth, full of joy, set out homewards, and took the golden apple to the king's beautiful daughter, who had no more excuses left to make.  They cut the apple of life in two and ate it together, and then her heart became full of love for him, and they lived in undisturbed happiness to a great age.

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Si Hansel dan si Gretel.

Once upon a time a very poor woodcutter lived in a tiny cottage in the forest with his two children, Hansel and Gretel. His second wife often ill-treated the children and was forever nagging the woodcutter. 

"There is not enough food in the house for us all. There are too many mouths to feed! We must get rid of the two brats," she declared. And she kept on trying to persuade her husband to abandon his children in the forest. 

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Malin Kundang

MALIN KUNDANG

Once upon a time, on the north coast of Sumatra lived a poor woman and his son. The boy was called Malin Kundang. They didn’t earn much as fishing was their only source of income. Malin Kundang grew up as a skillful young boy. He always helps his mother to earn some money. However, as they were only fisherman’s helper, they still lived in poverty. “Mother, what if I sail overseas?” asked Malin Kundang one day to his mother. Her mother didn’t agree but Malin Kundang had made up his mind. “Mother, if I stay here, I’ll always be a poor man. I want to be a successful person,” urged Malin kundang. His mother wiped her tears, “If you really want to go, I can’t stop you. I could only pray to God for you to gain success in life,” said his mother wisely. “But, promise me, you’ll come home.”

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Jaka Tarub dan 7 Bidadari,

 Jaka Tarub dan 7 Bidadari,

Once upon a time there was a widow who lived in the village of Dadapan.  She had a son whose name was Joko Tarup.  Dadapan village was close to a wood so Joko Tarup liked to go to the wood.  He liked hunting for animals with his blowpipe.

One day when he was in the wood he saw a beautiful rainbow and he saw seven angels went down through it.  He came closer and searched for them.  The seven angels were swimming and taking a bath in a lake.  Joko Tarup looked at them while hiding behind trees.  When they had finished taking a bath, they flew through the rainbow to heaven.

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